Way before the introduction of Viagra, there was ginseng. It is a perennial plant from the family Araliaceae, and its roots have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 2,000 years.
There are actually two major types of ginseng: American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) and Chinese ginseng (Panax ginseng or Asian ginseng).
Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosis), although similar in appearance to the first two, is not considered ginseng because it has a different active ingredient.
All three, though, are “adaptogens,” or herbal products that increase the body’s resistance to anxiety, fatigue, and trauma.
The genus name Panax is derived from the Greek words “pan” and “akos”, which mean “all” and “cure”.
Indeed, ginseng has come to be thought of as a “cure-all” for various types of bodily stresses and ailments not just in Asia but in the Western world as well.
This may be an exaggeration of ginseng’s efficacy, because just like many medicinal herbs, it is recommended for the maintenance of good health rather than for the treatment of diseases.
The plant has five leaflets, with tiny greenish-white flowers growing at the base of the leaves.
Ginseng stands about 8-27 inches and is also easily identified by its glossy red berries.
Its fleshy roots should be carefully harvested, as only whole roots are acceptable in the market.
Due to its appearance and other attributes, ginseng is also known by several names: redberry, five fingers, divine root, and root of life.
This plant’s roots contain several active components, including vitamins, minerals, sugars, fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, and other substances, but the ingredient to which its therapeutic effects are attributed are its ginsenosides.
These are compounds with structures similar to steroids and thus provide ginseng’s energy-enhancing effect.
How Ginseng Is Taken
This widely used medicinal herb can be taken in various ways:
Ginseng tea
It’s easier to directly eat the leaves, but the taste is extremely unpleasant.
This is why people prefer chopping up the leaves and soaking them in hot water to make ginseng tea. Dried red ginseng placed in a teabag can also be consumed this way.
There are a lot of stores selling ready-to-use teabags, and this is a boon for consumers who do not reside in ginseng-growing countries because fresh leaves don’t last very long after harvesting.
Soup
You won’t be able to order this in ordinary Chinese restaurants, but if you have a Chinatown near you, you’ll surely encounter a restaurant that prepares this dish. It is prepared by steaming ginseng and chicken together and serving it piping hot as soup.
Tablets and creams
These are easily sourced from health food shops under various brands, dosages, and forms.
It is said that they are less effective than the leaves themselves since these preparations are already mixed with other substances, and because experiencing the taste and aroma of the ginseng leaves provided an added relaxing effect.
Energy drinks
In this form, ginseng is usually mixed with other ingredients that work together to provide energy.
Ginseng’s Medicinal Value
In Chinese philosophy, yin and yang are the two opposing yet complementary forces said to be present in all processes and non-static objects in our universe.
It is said that our bodies should have a balance of these forces in various functions such as energy, blood pressure, and blood sugar.
The two types of ginseng create opposing effects on the body – the American variety stands for the yin, giving a cooling effect. On the other hand, Asian ginseng provides a heating effect and thus represents the yang.
Some of the health benefits that ginseng is said to provide are:
- Protection against stress
- Lowering of cholesterol and blood sugar levels
- Strength and immune system enhancement
- Promotion of relaxation
- Increase in energy
- Protection against disease (infections, heart disease, cancer)
- Enhancement of mental and sexual performance
- Protection against harmful effects of aging
- Acts as an antioxidant
In ancient tribes, American ginseng was used by natives as an eyewash for the treatment of sore eyes in young children.
The root was also ground into a powder and smoked for the treatment of asthma.
It was also steeped in warm water and ingested for the treatment of body sores. Of course, its use as a tonic was popular among tribal women who desired to enhance their fertility.
In China, ginseng is a cure-all for ailments such as dyspepsia, vomiting, nervousness, and sexual impotence.
More and more benefits are discovered each year, and researchers are even combining ginseng with other herbs to come up with even more cures. In combination with ginkgo, for instance, ginseng has been found to be useful in the treatment of ADHD.
This medicinal herb is one of the most widely researched plants in traditional Chinese medicine, yet many studies still have to be undertaken before it can be unconditionally accepted in the world of professional medicine.
According to the National Centre for Health Statistics, Americans spend approximately 36 to 47 billion dollars a year on alternative therapies, proving that the need for more research is present.
A study conducted by Debra Barton and colleagues from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota showed that a considerable percentage of cancer patients given different doses of ginseng in capsule form showed improvement in their fatigue symptoms, and it’s just one of several studies that need to be conducted on a larger scale for a more conclusive determination of the herb’s potential.
The Side Effects Of Ginseng:
Overdosing on ginseng is possible, as is dangerous long-term use.
An overdose may cause headaches, allergies, insomnia, nervousness, increased menstrual bleeding, and stomachaches. Long-term use may lead to menstrual abnormalities or a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic patients.
To prevent this, avoid taking ginseng with anticoagulant drugs or NSAIDs that may cause bleeding (i.e., Naprosyn, Indocin, Aleve).
To avoid hypoglycemia, always take ginseng with food.
You must also refrain from taking ginseng with products containing caffeine to prevent overstimulation.
When considering ginseng as an alternative form of treatment or simply as a tonic, remember to always consult your healthcare professional.
M. Jamal